| Annotation: | Metods. The research employed a range of general and specialised scientific methods: generalisation and scientific abstraction – to clarify the nature of post-industrial transformations and define the institutional environment; systems analysis – to examine the interrelationships between institutional modernisation and contemporary technological changes; structural-functional analysis – to identify key segments of the innovation ecosystem; comparative and statistical analysis – when assessing the development models of the Baltic states and their innovation indicators (R&D expenditure, dynamics of the start-up sector, level of digitalisation); induction and deduction – to formulate theoretical generalisations and conceptual conclusions of the study. Results. The essence of post-industrial transformations in the context of global technological shifts has been revealed, and the role of the institutional environment as a fundamental factor in innovative progress has been substantiated. It has been demonstrated that, unlike classical models, contemporary transformational processes occur under the critical influence of breakthrough technologies and total digitalisation, which transforms the structure of production and the mechanisms of economic interaction. Based on an analysis of the Baltic states’ experience, it has been found that economic liberalisation, public administration reform and European integration have ensured the formation of a transparent environment for the development of technological entrepreneurship. It has been established that the success of the Baltic innovation ecosystems is based on the synergy between state support for R&D and active stimulation of the start-up infrastructure. Differences in national development models have been identified: Estonia’s leadership in digital self-governance, Lithuania’s specialisation in financial technologies, and Latvia’s focus on building innovative infrastructure. It has been confirmed that the combination of institutional modernisation, innovation and technological change ensures the transition to a new post-industrial model, which does not entail the total displacement of the industrial sector but rather its profound technological modernisation and intellectualisation. Novelty. A conceptual approach to interpreting post-industrial transformations as a systemic result of the interaction between the institutional environment, the innovation ecosystem and breakthrough technologies has been substantiated. An original conceptual model has been developed, revealing the cause-and-effect mechanism between the implementation of institutional reforms, the intensification of innovation and the profound structural modernisation of the national economy in the context of Industry 4.0 and global technological changes. Practical value. The research findings can be utilised in the formulation of state policy on innovative development, the improvement of the institutional environment, and the development of strategies for the post-industrial transformation of national economies. The conclusions drawn are useful for scientific research, the educational process, and for adapting the experience of the Baltic states in the context of structural modernisation and the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine’s economy. |
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